Selecting the Right Spring End Type for your Project

A wide range of spring end types are used in modern spring design. The spring end type you choose will depend on the job the spring will be doing. In some cases a spring will have two different end types. To best select the right end type or types for your spring, you’ll need to understand each end type and how they function. A spring’s end type affects its pitch, solid height, number of active and total coils, free length, and seating characteristics of the spring. Selecting the right end type for your springs begins with identifying the basic end types available for the different types of spring design:

Extension Spring End Types

The two end types most commonly used with extension springs are hooks and loops. Hooks have a gap, while loops are fully closed all the way around. Typically stock extension springs are made with loop ends. If a hook is required, a gap is cut in the loop to create the hook. Hooks and loops can be customized to meet specific application needs. The most commonly used end styles for extension springs are crossover, machine style, side style, and double loop ends.

Understanding extension spring end types

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Compression Spring End Types13

The two common end type options in compression springs are open and closed. With each of these, either ground or not ground ends can be specified. A closed or squared off end type is most often used for compression springs. For closed ended springs, the space between the last two coils is so minimal the coils actually touch and it sits flat. In contrast, open ended springs are not squared off and tend to need some type of support, such as a rod. Open ends are usually only used in special applications. Grinding the ends of compression springs helps springs sit more flat to reduce buckling.

Understanding compression spring end types

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Torsion Spring End Types

When it comes to torsion springs, the most typical and versatile end type is a plain straight leg, with no bends. Customized designs can be created for applications that require a torsion spring with bends.

Understanding torsion spring types

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Not sure which end type will best meet your project needs? Talk to our spring design experts.