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Torsion Springs 101

torsion springTorsion springs work by applying force to two objects, holding them in position. They are helically engineered springs that operate by exerting torque or a rotary action. A simple example of a torsion spring application would be a bag clip, like the one pictured. The torsion spring statically holds the clip closed by deflecting the spring legs across the centerline body axis. The torsion springs can also store and release angular energy.

Several considerations go into torsion spring design. Torsion springs are engineered to varying specifications of load, wind, deflection, spring rate and other properties. The specifics of torsion spring design are dictated by the application and are based on factors such as:

  • Body length
  • Deflection length
  • Dimensional constraints
  • Free length angle
  • Leg bend and length
  • Material
  • Required torque
  • Rod usage

Other factors to consider with torsion spring design include whether or not a finish will be used, and if so, what type of finish will provide optimal performance for the application. When torsion springs are needed for corrosive environments, in which the spring will be exposed to harsh weather or moisture, stainless steel or another type of corrosion resistant metal will be used. If the conditions are especially demanding, however, an additional finish may be needed to provide optimal performance. A few finish options that are commonly used include black oxide, passivate, gold iridite, and zinc.

Spring failure can occur when the torsion spring is not well-suited or designed for the application. Corrosion or other steadily destructive forces can lead to serious problems. Considering that torsion springs are most often used in applications that involve large amounts of force, sudden and unexpected failure can put nearby people and property at risk. Proper torsion spring design is crucial for safety and performance. The best way to assure you get the right torsion spring design that will do the job safely and effectively is to choose a knowledgeable and experienced manufacturer.

Your experienced spring expert, W.B. Jones has both stock and custom quality torsion springs, to meet your needs.


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